European Thesaurus on International Relations and Area Studies / GIGA Informationszentrum

H - State

H.01 - State: People, nation, territory top

H.01.01 - State, general

Citizens
Declaration of independence
Fragile states/failed states
State
State dissolution/extinction
State founding
State functions
State religion
Symbols of state
Theory of the state

H.01.02 - Nation

Chauvinism
Ethnocentrism
Independence movements/liberation movements
Multinational states
Nation
Nation and state building
Nation states
National character
National identity
National interests
National liberation
National liberation wars
National unity
National unity movements
Nationalism
Nonstate nations
Patriotism

H.01.03 - Citizens

Citizen/citizenship of the Union (EU)
Citizens
Civic status
Civil and political rights
Displaced persons
Dual nationality
Emigration/emigrants
Ethnic/national communities
Ethnic/national groups
Expatriation/nationality loss
Immigration/immigrants
Minority groups
Nationality acquisition
Nationality/citizienship
Official languages
Refugees
Religious population groups
Return migration
Rights and duties
State religion
Tribes

H.01.04 - Aliens

Aliens
Aliens policy
Chinese abroad
Expulsion of individuals
Foreign countries
Immigration/immigrants
Indians abroad
Nationals abroad
Political asylum status
Refugee status
Stateless persons
Xenophobia

H.01.05 - National territory: geographical location

Access to the sea
Border areas
Border states
Continental shelf (international law)
Dependent overseas territories of states
Exclusive economic zones (law of the sea)
Island states
National airspace
National borders/borders
National capitals
National territory beyond the immediate boundaries
National territory/state territory
State territory (including inland waters)
Territorial waters

H.01.06 - National territory: status

Annexation
Autonomous regions
Autonomy movements
Cession of territory
Colonies
Colonization (colonial policy)
Condominiums/coimperiums
Demilitarization
Demilitarized zones
Dependent territories
Divided states
Division/partition of territories
Internationalization of territories
Military occupation status
National unity movements
Occupation
Occupied territories
Recognition of territorial acquisition
Semisovereign states
Sovereign states
Territorial claims
Territory related divergences of interest
Trust/mandate territories
Unification or reunification of states/territories
Zones with limited sovereignty

H.01.07 - Sovereignty, national territory and recognition under international law

External sovereignty
Extraterritoriality
Internal sovereignty
National airspace
National territory beyond the immediate boundaries
Political responsibility for cultural affairs
Recognition of states under international law
Recognition of status quo under international law
Recognition of territorial acquisition
Rights and duties of states
Sovereign rights/functions of sovereignty
Sovereignty
State immunity (international law)
Zones with limited sovereignty

H.02 - Political systems/Systems of government top

H.02.01 - Power and rule

Accumulation of offices
Authority
Authority of the state
Changes of government
Elected representatives
Elites
Executive/executive powers
Good governance
Institution building
Judiciary/judiciary powers
Legislative/legislative powers
Legitimacy
Legitimation crisis
Legitimation of rule
Monopoly on the use of force
Political elites
Political institutional powers
Political mandate
Political power
Power
Power structure
Power struggle
Relations between highest state institutions
Rule
Rule of law
Separation of powers
State institutions
State liability

H.02.02 - Rule systems

Absolutism
Authoritarian rule
Bureaucratic rule
Clientelism
Colonial rule
Competitive democracy
Consensus based democracy
Democracy
Dictatorship
Direct democracy
Military rule
Oligarchy
One person leadership
Peoples democracy
Representative democracy
Rule systems
Selfadministration
State capitalism
Technocracy
Theocracies

H.02.03 - Political systems

Capitalist system/society
Changes of government
Communist system/society
Confederal political systems
Corporatism
Councils system (Soviets)
Fascist system/society
Federalism
Governability/ungovernability
Government systems
Organizational structure of political systems
Parliamentarism
Parliamentary system
Pluralism
Political change
Political system crises
Political systems
Presidential systems
Presidential systems (US-type)
Relations between different types of political systems
Semipresidential system (French type)
Socialist system/society
Totalitarianism/totalitarian systems
Transition between military and civil government
Transition between political systems

H.02.04 - Forms of state

Confederations (of states)
Constitutionalism
Federations (of states)
Forms of state
Monarchies
Republics
Theocracies
Totalitarian states
Unitary states

H.02.05 - Party systems

Multiparty systems
One party systems
Party systems
Two party systems

H.03 - Constitutions top

H.03.01 - Constitutions, general

Constitutional amendments/constitutional reform
Constitutional assemblies
Constitutional history
Constitutional law
Constitutional principles
Constitutional reality
Constitutions
Legality
Legitimacy
Rights and duties of states
Rule of law
Separation of powers
Social welfare state
Texts of constitutions

H.03.02 - Constitutional and other basic legal provisions

Civil and political rights
Economic constitutions
Emergency powers
Legal framework for foreign policy
Legal framework for social welfare
Legal framework for the highest political institutions
Public finance law
War powers (constitution)

H.03.03 - Civil rights/Human rights

Academic freedom
Child/youth protection
Civil and political rights
Economic freedom
Freedom of assembly
Freedom of association
Freedom of expression and information
Freedom of movement
Freedom of occupation
Freedom of the press
Fundamental cultural rights
Human rights
Human rights policy
Human rights violations
Minority rights
Protection of human rights
Protection of minorities
Religious freedom
Right to asylum
Right to freedom from inhuman treatment
Right to privacy
Rights of indigenous/tribal populations
Social and economic rights
Women's suffrage

H.03.04 - Constitutional courts/Constitutional jurisdiction

Constitutional courts
Constitutional jurisdiction
Impeachment
Judicial review of constitutionality of laws/legal regulations
Legal disputes between highest state institutions
Unconstitutionality complaints

H.04 - Parliaments/Legislation top

H.04.01 - Parliaments, general

Constitutional assemblies
Consultative assemblies
Formation of parliamentary groups
Immunity (legal prosecution)
Legislative dissolution
Legislative/legislative powers
Life of parliament
Members of parliament
Parliamentary control
Parliamentary functions
Parliamentary rules of procedure
Parliamentary structure
Parliaments
Regional parliaments
Sessions (period)
Sovereignty of the people

H.04.02 - Parliamentary institutions

House of representatives
Ombudsman
Opposition leaders
Parliamentary ad hoc committees
Parliamentary administrations
Parliamentary committees
Parliamentary delegations
Parliamentary group executive committees
Parliamentary groups
Parliamentary investigation committees
Parliamentary majority
Parliamentary opposition
Parliamentary presidents
Parliamentary research services
Parliamentary subcommittees
Permanent parliamentary committees
Plenary of parliament
Second chamber
Shadow cabinets

H.04.03 - Parliamentary work

Budget appropriation
Draft laws/legal regulations
Hearings (parliamentary)
Legislation
Ombudsman
Parliamentary committee work
Parliamentary debates
Parliamentary decision-making processeses
Parliamentary questions and answers
Parliamentary ratification
Parliamentary resolutions
Parliamentary work/procedures
Vote of confidence/vote of no-confidence
Work of parliamentary groups

H.05 - Executive/Government top

H.05.01 - Government, general

Coalition governments
Colonial governments
Control of government
Deputy heads of government
Executive/executive powers
Federal/central governments
Government
Government institutions
Government officials
Government systems
Governments in exile
Heads of government
Heads of state
Highest state institutions
Interministerial committees
Internal organization of highest state institutions
Members of government
Military governments
Ministerial authority and coordination
Ministerial bureaucracy
Minority government
Offices of heads of government
Offices of the president
Recognition of governments under international law
Regional governments
Relations between government and parliament
Relations between highest state institutions
Relations between ministry civil servants and political leadership
Relations between the military and government/party
Royal families
Senior high ranked civil servants
Transition between military and civil government

H.05.02 - Ministries

Deputy ministers
Foreign ministers
Foreign ministries
Ministers
Ministers of defence
Ministries
Ministries of defence
Ministries of foreign trade

H.05.03 - Governmental agencies (other than ministries/departments)

Audit offices
Diplomatic missions
Foreign intelligence services
Government agencies (other than ministries)
Planning agencies
Planning offices
Press and information agencies/ministries
Secret police
State institutions
State security agencies
Statistical offices

H.05.04 - Government formation/Government work

Cabinet proposals/decisions
Changes of government
Changes of political office
Coalition agreements
Coalition conflicts
Coalition negotiations
Dissent within governments
Government coalitions
Government crises
Government formation
Government policy
Government policy statements
Government programmes
Government publications
Government reshuffles
Government support
Government work
Interim governments
Members of government

H.06 - Political decision-making processes top

Decision-making processes within leading political groups
Domestic policy reorientation
Formation of political positions
Governance
Information for political decision
Parliamentary decision-making processeses
Polarization
Policy reorientation
Political consensus
Political consultancy
Political decision-making processes
Political decisions
Political dissent
Political forecasting
Political leaders
Political leadership (process)
Political planning
Preparation of political decisions
Public debates

H.07 - Political parties and groupings top

H.07.01 - Political parties, general

Centre parties
Government parties
Left-wing parties
Majority parties (parliament)
Minority parties (parliament)
Multiparty systems
One party systems
Opposition parties
Party spectrum
Party systems
Political parties
Right-wing parties
Two party systems

H.07.02 - Party politics/Party work

Citizen - political party relations
European party federations
Factions
Federations of political parties
Government coalitions
Internal party conflicts
Internal party debates and decisions
Internal party developments
International political party cooperation
International political party organizations
Interparty relations
Party elections
Party meetings
Party policy
Party position on specific issues
Party programmes
Party work
Political party - state relations
Political party cooperation
Political party mergers
Political party relations with groups/organizations
Political party strategies

H.07.03 - Organization of parties

Central committees
Founding of parties
Grass roots of parties
Internal democracy in parties/associations
Internal organization of institutions/organizations
Joining/leaving political parties
Law governing political parties
Organization principles of institutions/organizations
Party chairmen
Party congresses/conferences
Party control committees
Party convention delegates
Party elections
Party financing
Party leaders/executive committees
Party machinery
Party members/membership
Party officials
Party secretariats
Party splitting
Party statutes
Politburos
Regional/local party organizations

H.07.04 - Political groupings

Anticonstitutional opposition
Citizens action initiatives
Civil rights movements
Interest groups
Opposition abroad
Political associations/groupings
Secret societies
Social associations - state relations
Social opposition/political opposition
Societal associations
Student organizations
Women's organizations
Youth organizations

H.08 - Political participation/Elections top

H.08.01 - Political participation, general

Action programmes/action plans
Campaigns
Censorship
Criticism of governments
Dissidents
Formation of political positions
Freedom of assembly
General strikes
Indoctrination
Political inclusion
Political opinion/stance
Political participation
Political protest
Political resistance
Political/societal mobilization
Politicization
Popular initiative/citizen's petition
Pressure group politics
Propaganda
Public demonstrations
Quota regulations
Resolutions/declarations
Social opposition/political opposition
Socio-political behaviour
Socio-political consciousness
Statements of goals/demands
Strikes
Target groups
Underground activities

H.08.02 - Elections/Voting

By-elections
Candidates (elections)
Constituencies
Direct elections
Election campaign funding
Election campaigns
Election forecasts
Election monitoring
Election research/electoral analysis
Elections/voting
Electoral alliances
Electoral frauds
Electoral law
Life of parliament
Local elections
Majority vote
National elections
Party programmes
Proportional representation
Quorum
Referenda/plebiscites
Regional elections
Right to vote
Selection procedures
Term of office
Vote of confidence/vote of no-confidence
Voter turnout
Voters
Voting behaviour
Voting procedures
Voting results
Voting rights of aliens
Voting systems

H.09 - Structure of state territory/Regional and local government top

H.09.01 - Structure of state territory

Autonomy movements
Central administration
Central government - region relations
Central planning
Centralism
Centralization
Decentralization
Decentralized planning
Federal government - states governments relations
Federal states (subnational)
Federal/central governments
Local government
National capitals
Regional governments
Relations between federal states
Structure of state territory
Tensions in federal political structures
Territorial area
Territorial authorities
Territorial authorities level 1 (national/central)
Territorial authorities level 2 (upper regional)
Territorial authorities level 3 (lower regional)
Territorial authorities level 4 (upper local)
Territorial authorities level 5 (lower local)

H.09.02 - Regional government

Federal states (subnational)
Regional administration
Regional and local authority reforms
Regional capitals
Regional development/planning
Regional disparities
Regional finance (subnational)
Regional governments
Regional interests
Regional parliaments
Regional policy
Regionalism
Regionalization
Regions
Relations between federal states
Self-government (regional autonomy)
Territorial authorities level 2 (upper regional)
Territorial authorities level 3 (lower regional)

H.09.03 - Local government (community/county)

Local authorities
Local community institutions/facilities
Local elections
Local government
Mayors/local council chairmen
Municipal councils/local councils
Municipal/local policy
Supralocal authority associations
Territorial authorities level 4 (upper local)
Territorial authorities level 5 (lower local)

H.10 - Public administration top

H.10.01 - Public administration, general

Administrative documents
Administrative law
Administrative power
Administrative reforms
Administrative regulations
Administrative structure
Administrative tribunals
Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy dismantling
Legal cases/administrative cases
Ministerial bureaucracy
Public administration
Public authorities
Public sector
Public service

H.10.02 - Administrative bodies/Public authorities

Administration in the military field
Administration of justice
Central administration
Changes of political office
Colonial administration
Commissions/committees
Customs and excise administration
Development administration
Financial/fiscal administration
Government agencies (other than ministries)
Internal subunits of institutions
Planning agencies
Planning offices
Police
Postal and telecommunications services
Public authorities
Public institutions
Regional administration
Research departments
School administration
Secret police
Social services
State security agencies
Statistical offices
Structure of public institutions
Term of office

H.10.03 - Administrative personnel/Public employees

Administrative occupations/professions
Careers
Civil servants
Public employees
Salaried employees

H.10.04 - Public finance/Budgets

H.11 - Internal security/Public order top

H.11.01 - Security/Security agencies and measures

Antiterrorism
Border surveillances/Border controls
Censorship
Civil defence/disaster prevention
Civilian defence
Counterespionage
Counterespionage services
Counterinsurgency
Crisis areas
Defence against antistate activities
Disaster relief
Domestic security
Emergency measures
Emergency planning
Emergency powers
Expulsion of individuals
Fire services
Foreign intelligence services
Martial law
National security
Passport controls
Passports/identity cards
Police
Police troops
Political surveillance
Private security companies
Registration of persons
Secrecy
Secret police
Security agencies
Security sector reform
State of emergency (disasters)
State of emergency (political)
State security
State security agencies
Visas

H.11.02 - Threats to state security, general

Anarchism
Anticonstitutional opposition
Civil wars
Collaboration
Corruption
Counterrevolution
Coup d'etat/military insurrection
Crimes against the state
Dissidents
Efforts to overthrow a regime/regime overthrows
Espionage
Ethnic conflicts
Extremism
Guerilla units
Guerilla war
Infiltration
Left-wing extremism
Political unrest
Politically motivated use of force
Religious fundamentalism
Resistance movements
Revolution
Revolutionary situation
Right-wing extremism
Sabotage
Secret societies
Terrorists/terrorist groups
Treason
Underground activities
Uprisings/revolts

H.11.03 - Political persecution/Political crime

Air piracy
Assassinations
Concentration camps
Corruption
Detention camps
Disappeared persons/missing persons
Ethnic cleansing
Expatriation/nationality loss
Forced labour
Forced relocation/deportation
Genocide
Hostage taking/kidnapping
Human rights violations
Internment camps
Massacres
Political crimes
Political custody
Political persecution
Political prisoners
Political trials
Political vilification
Prisoner of war camps
Purges
Reeducation
State terrorism
Suppression/reprisals
Terrorism
Torture
Trafficking in human beings
Victims (individuals)
War crimes

H.11.04 - Autonomy, independence and secession aspirations

Autonomy
Autonomy movements
Declaration of independence
Independence movements/liberation movements
National liberation
National liberation wars
Resistance movements
Separatism
State secession

H.12 - Minorities, migration and social integration top

Aliens
Aliens policy
Apartheid
Assimilation
Asylum policy
Asylum seekers
Emigration/emigrants
Ethnic conflicts
Ethnic policy
Ethnic/national communities
Ethnic/national group issues
Exile
Expulsion of peoples
Flight
Human rights policy
Illegal immigration
Immigration law
Immigration/immigrants
International migration
Language conflicts
Migration policy
Minorities policy
Minority groups
Minority rights
Nationality acquisition
Political asylum status
Racial policy
Refugee camps
Refugee policy
Refugee status
Refugees
Regional/minority languages
Stateless persons
Tribal conflicts
Xenophobia

H.13 - Domestic politics, general top

Citizen - state relations
Civil-military relations
Determinants of domestic policy
Domestic articulation of national interest
Domestic consequences of foreign policy
Domestic determinants of foreign policy
Domestic motivations of foreign policy measures
Domestic policy
Domestic policy instruments
Domestic policy reorientation
Domestic political conflicts
Domestic political situation and development
Domestic presentation of foreign policy
Domestic security
Government position on specific domestic issues
Intelligentsia - state relations
Labour disputes
Political unrest
Relations between groups/institutions
Societal groups - state relations
Society - state relations
Socio-political behaviour
Solution of problems
Specific issues in domestic policy

H.14 - Areas of domestic policy top

Aliens policy
Assets/income distribution policy
Climate policy
Cultural policy
Domestic policy
Drug policy
Education policy
Energy policy
Environmental policy
Family policy
Gender politics
Housing policy
Human rights policy
Incomes policy
Industrial policy
Information and communication policy
Infrastructure policy
Labour market policy
Language policy
Media policy
Migration policy
Minorities policy
Municipal/local policy
National development policy (developing country)
Policy on legal issues
Population policy
Property ownership policy
Public health policy
Racial policy
Raw materials policy
Regional policy
Religious policy
Social security policy
Societal policy
Space policy
Technology policy
Transport policy
Wages policy
Youth policy